north carolina oil and gas study april 2012 section 2 oil and gas exploration and extraction a how hydrocarbons are generated and trapped in the earth hydrocarbons 101 hydrocarbons are ...
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...North carolina oil and gas study april section exploration extraction a how hydrocarbons are generated trapped in the earth naturally occurring organic compounds composed of hydrogen carbon simplest form is methane ch one atom bonded to four atoms three most common natural petroleum coal generation starts with organicrich sediments matter contains kerogen solid that insoluble solvents which means it cannot be extracted from them there types i iii type formed mainly algae likely generate ii mixed terrestrial marine source material can waxy woody typically generates burial heating yields bitumen fraction soluble further creates liquid hydrocarbon process compaction lithification or diagenesis measured geochemical laboratory by examining maturity sample if rock has very little probably an greater than percent then between these two possibilities would for shale conventional unconventional resources u s geological survey usgs recognizes classes continuous see figure resource industry more ...