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Hypothesis Testing • Hypothesis testing is the key to our scientific inquiry. • In additional to research hypotheses, need statistical hypotheses. • Involves the statement of a null hypothesis, an alternative hypothesis, and the selection of a level of significance ...
Hypothesis Testing Introduction • In this session we will see • What a hypothesis test is • What a p-value is • What a t-test is • This is intented for first stages in Statistics Students • Previous knowledge: descriptive ...
(8.1) Definition: A statistical hypothesis is a statement concerning one population or more. 8.1.1 The Null and The Alternative Hypotheses: The structure of hypothesis testing will be formulated with the use of the term null hypothesis. This ...
Historical Aspect • The term statistical significance was coined by Ronald Fisher(1890-1962). • Student t-test : William Sealy Gosset. 2 Basis of Statistical Inference Statistical inference (a conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning) is the branch of ...
Hypothesis Testing vs. Theory “Don’t confuse “hypothesis” and “theory.” The former is a possible explanation; the latter, the correct one. The establishment of theory is the very purpose of science.” Martin H. Fischer professor ...
Who hate statistics!! 2 SIGNIFICANT TEST Significant test & p-value Null hypothesis vs alternative/research hypothesis Type I & II errors TYPES OF STATISTICS Descriptive statistics Inferential statistics .. 2016 Significant test & p-value 3 Significant level is defined ...
Outline • Where are we up to? Part 1 • Hypothesis Testing • Multiple Comparisons vs Topological Inference • Smoothing Part 2 • Random Field Theory • Alternatives • Conclusion Part 3 • SPM Example Part 1: Testing Hypotheses Where ...
Ideas in Chapter 9 • Basic principles of hypothesis testing • How to use hypothesis testing to test a mean or proportion • Assumptions of each hypothesis-testing procedure • How to evaluate them • Consequences if they are seriously violated ...
STATISTICS FOR BUSINESS (Hypothesis testing for a single population) A nuclear power plant adjacent to a residential area An hypothesis is giving an opinion or making a decision without objective information Consider: Government announces "Radiation levels around a ...
Hypothesis Testing The second type of inferential statistics Hypothesis testing is a statistical method used to make comparisons between a single sample and a population, or between 2 or more samples. The result of a statistical hypothesis test is a ...
Allowing [statistical software] to do our thinking is a sure recipe for disaster. (Good & Hardin, 2012, p. xi) - or did it really? «Simple» statistical tests • 2 chi-square (X ) test • t-test - or did ...
As stated earlier, descriptive statistics is used to describe a set of data in terms of its frequency, central tendency, and dispersion. Although the description of data is important and fundamental to any analysis, it is not sufficient to answer ...
Hypothesis Tests Parametric Tests - tests about specific 2 population parameters (μ, σ , etc.) –Is μ different from a predetermined 1 value? –Is μ different from μ ? 1 2 Non-Parametric Tests - tests about the shape of ...
Course topics : (0.8 ECTS-eight hours) 2 Generating Hypothesis (lecture 2) Null Hypothesis (H0) Experimental = Control or Science is all about Experimental – Control = 0 Falsification and not confirmation e.g. Alternative Hypothesis (HA) Coffee Experimental ...
Permutation/Randomization Tests • Computer-intensive methods for hypothesis testing • Used when distribution of the test statistic (under the null hypothesis) is unknown and we can do resampling under the null hypothesis • Permutation tests maintain the Type I error level ...
Useful videos/websites: Video on writing hypothesis statements: http://screencast.com/t/ZO8kMt6v Overview Video on hypothesis testing: http://screencast.com/t/qdz8F0yp Difference between Type I and II Errors: http://screencast.com/t/fhWKC3ypM8 Section 7.1 Introduction to Hypothesis Testing Definition A hypothesis is a statement or claim ...
Using Statistics in Research European Patients’ Academy on Therapeutic Innovation Statistical methods provide a way for formally accounting for sources of variability in patients’ responses to treatment. The use of statistics allows the clinical researcher to form reasonable and accurate ...