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...View metadata citation and similar papers at core ac uk brought to you by provided helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto urban ecosystems c kluweracademicpublishers manufacturedinthenetherlands is there a need for theory of ecology jariniemela jari niemela helsinki department systematics p o box fin university finland abstract although are governed the same ecological laws as rural relative importance certain patterns processes differs between two types instance compared areas habitats usually more islandlike often represent early successionalstages andaremoreeasilyinvadedbyalienspecies allthesefeaturesareresultsoftheintensehuman inuence on landscapes question then arises whether distinct needed understanding in setting answer no because canbesuccessfullystudiedusingexistingecologicaltheories suchasthemetapopulationtheory however dueto intense human presence approaches that include aspect useful studying systems ecosystem model which emphasizes impact identifying social components ...