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...Anesth prog briefreviews vasoconstrictors in local anesthesia for dentsty allen l sisk dds department of oral and maxillofacial surgery medical college georgia school dentistry augusta addition a vasoconstrictor to anesthetic tion has several potentially beneficial effects it may de have decrease crease the peak plasma concentration anes thetic agent increase duration improve its quality minimum concentra reduction needed nerve block reduce blood loss during surgical procedures only marketed us combination with anesthetics are epinephrine levonordefrin also detrimental norepinephrine all sympathomimetic amines review literature indicates that following discussion will primarily concern concentrations best studied most widely used dental use united states other not always optimal achieve purposes namely which they added cases reduced been examined extensively be briefly men could tioned same goal as higher produces by less side effect liability binding stimulating both adrenergic recept...