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...Shotcrete construction joints by dudley r rusty morgan hotcrete are required in not needed most structures such as walls situations the following columns or tunnel linings subjected to compressive s when volume of is greater stresses square both more difficult than that which can be conveniently applied and construct shoot subsequent shifts they finished a single shift provide ledges where rebound overspray top down instal accumulate creating potential planes weakness lations soil nailed element exception this circular prestressed concrete constructed series horizontal lifts tanks with segmental very high used underpinning buildings use properly section aci guide joint reduces risk states compression failure at prepared degree will generally avoided load transfer flexure equivalent because form trap for however achievable nonjointed clear demonstration phenomenon refer stress commonly paper trottier forgeron mahoney case necessary steps must long tapered featheredged should taken avoid...