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PowerPoint slides from the Braun, Clarke & Hayfield Qualitative Methods Online Teaching & Learning Resources Collaboration (QMOTLRC) Topic overview oThis is the second of two lectures – each divided into three parts - exploring the values, characteristics, and theoretical and philosophical foundations of qualitative research. oThe aim of this second lecture is to provide further grounding in the foundations of qualitative research - introducing some of the concepts and terminology that define qualitative research. oThis lecture explores some of defining characteristics of qualitative research and how qualitative research differs from quantitative research. oThis lecture also builds on the discussion of different orientations to qualitative research in the first lecture by considering experiential and critical qualitative ‘camps’. oFinally this lecture explores the key concepts of subjectivity and reflexivity and the ontological and epistemological foundations of qualitative research. oThere are some opportunities to pause the recording and reflect on your knowledge and understanding of qualitative research. Lecture overview oPart 1: Key characteristics of qualitative research oPart 2: Experiential and critical qualitive research oPart 3: Key (theoretical and philosophical) concepts in qualitative research The growth in qualitative research (in psychology) “the growth in qualitative research in recent years... has been phenomenal. Although the volume of qualitative research in psychology relative to quantitative methods remains modest, and despite the exclusion of qualitative research from many of the most prestigious outlets, qualitative articles are being published increasingly in mainstream psychology journals. As well, there has been an explosion in dedicated textbooks, journals, conferences, and workshops attempting to address the demand for qualitative research from students, researchers, practitioners, and policy makers.” (Madill & Gough, 2008: 254) The emergence of a qualitative research paradigm – the example of psychology • Qualitative ideas and approaches have been part of psychology from its inception. • However, quantitative methods employed within a (post)positivist, experimental paradigm have dominated the discipline. • The more subjective, interpretative introspective (qualitative) techniques of early psychology became classified as ‘unscientific’. • It wasn’t until the 1980s that qualitative approaches regained a foothold, and subsequently flourished, in some areas of psychology. • Their (re)appearance reflected the development of a number of oppositional approaches within the social sciences, which challenged mainstream (post)positivist empiricist research design and practice. • It’s important to understand that qualitative research is not simply a complementary approach to quantitative research.
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