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1. Myocarditis
..... The myocardium is the muscular wall of the heart, or the heart muscle. It contracts to pump blood out of the heart, and then relaxes as the heart refills with returning blood. The myocardium's smooth outer membrane is called the epicardium. Its inner lining is called the endocardium. Myocarditis is an inflammation of the myocardium. When the heart becomes inflamed, it Is unable to pump as well because of damage to its cells and swelling (edema). The heart muscle may be damaged even more if the body's immune system sends antibodies to try to fight whatever started the inflammation. Sometimes, these antibodies attack the tissues of the heart instead. If too many heart muscle cells are damaged, the heart muscle becomes weakened. In some cases, this process happens very quickly and results in heart failure or even sudden death. .....

2. Peripheral Vascular Disease
..... What is peripheral vascular disease? Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a heart condition similar to that of coronary artery disease and carotid artery disease. In PAD, the fatty deposits build up in the inner linings of the artery walls. These blockages restrict the blood flow circulation, mainly in arteries leading to the kidneys, stomach, arms, legs and feet. .....

3. Prognosis And Treatment Of Abnormal Heartbeats
..... Most arrhythmias (abnormal heartbeats) neither cause symptoms nor interfere with the heart's ability to pump blood. Thus, they usually pose little or no risk. They can cause considerable anxiety if a person becomes aware of them. There are some arrhythmias, harmless in themselves that can lead to more serious arrhythmias. Any arrhythmia that impairs the heart's ability to pump blood adequately is serious. How serious, depends in part on where the arrhythmia originates. Is it in the heart's normal pacemaker, in the atria, or in the ventricles? Generally, arrhythmias which originate in the ventricles are more serious than those that originate in the atria. These are more serious than those that originate in the pacemaker. However, there are many exceptions. .....

4. Rheumatic Fever And Heart Disease
..... Before antibiotic medicines became widely used, rheumatic fever was the largest cause of valve disease. Rheumatic fever is a condition that is a complication of untreated strep throat. Strep throat is caused by a group A streptococcal infection found in the throat. Rheumatic fever can damage body tissues by causing them to swell, but its greatest danger lies in the damage it can do to your heart. More than half of the time, rheumatic fever leads to scarring of the heart's valves. This scarring can narrow the valve and make it harder for the valve to open properly or to close completely. In turn, your heart has to work harder to pump blood to the rest of your body. This valve damage can lead to a condition called rheumatic heart disease, which, in time, can lead to congestive heart failure. Rheumatic fever is not an infection itself, rather the result of an untreated strep infection. When the body senses the strep infection, it sends antibodies to fight it. Sometimes, these antibodies attack the tissues of joints or the heart instead. If the antibodies attack the heart they can cause the heart valves to swell, which can lead to scarring of the valve "doors." (The doors are called leaflets.) The scarred leaflets make it harder for the valve to either open or close properly, or both. .....

5. Sick Sinus Syndrome In Heart Disease
..... Any irregularity in your heart's natural rhythm is called an arrhythmia. Almost everyone's heart skips a beat now and again, and these mild palpitations are usually harmless. Electrical impulses from the heart muscle (the myocardium) cause the heart to beat (contract). This electrical signal begins in the Sinoatrial Node, also called the SA node or the sinus node. The SA node is located at the top of the heart's upper-right chamber (the right atrium). The SA node is sometimes called the heart's "natural pacemaker." When an electrical impulse is released from the SA node, it causes the heart's upper chambers to contract. Sick sinus syndrome is a type of arrhythmia. These are a group of signs and symptoms that tells doctors the SA node is not working properly. The SA node usually sends electrical impulses at a certain rate, but if the SA node is not working properly, the heart may beat too fast, too slow, or both. .....

6. Silent Ischemia And Ischemic Heart Disease
..... Ischemia is a condition in which the blood flow (and thus oxygen) is restricted to a part of the body. Cardiac ischemia is the name for lack of blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle. What is ischemic heart disease? It is the term given to heart problems caused by narrowed heart arteries. When arteries are narrowed, less blood and oxygen reach the heart muscle. This is also called coronary artery disease (CAD) and coronary heart disease. This can ultimately lead to heart attack. Ischemia often causes chest pain or discomfort known as angina pectoris. .....

7. Sudden Cardiac Death
..... Sudden cardiac death (sudden arrest) is death resulting from an sudden loss of heart function (cardiac arrest). The victim may or may not have diagnosed heart disease. The time and mode of death are unexpected. It occurs within moments after symptoms appear. The most common reason for patients to die suddenly from cardiac arrest is coronary heart disease (fatty buildups in the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle). All known heart diseases can lead to cardiac arrest or sudden cardiac death. Most of the cardiac arrests that lead to sudden death occur when the electrical impulses in the diseased heart become rapid (ventricular tachycardia), chaotic (ventricular fibrillation) or both. This irregular heart rhythm (arrhythmia) causes the heart to suddenly stop beating. Some cardiac arrests are due to extreme slowing of the heart. This is called bradycardia. Bradycardia is common in premature infants. .....

8. Vulnerable Plaque In Heart Disease
..... Swelling (inflammation) is the body's natural reaction to an injury. Inflammation can happen anywhere on the skin, within the body, and even inside the arteries. Scientists are now learning inflammation may play a part in many of the diseases that come with aging, including coronary artery disease. For many years, doctors have thought that the main cause of a heart attack or stroke or was the buildup of fatty plaque within an artery, leading to the heart or brain. In time, the plaque buildup would narrow the artery so much, that the artery would close off or become clogged by a blood clot. The lack of oxygen-rich blood to the heart would then lead to a heart attack. However these types of blockages cause only about 3 out of 10 heart attacks. Researchers are finding people who that heart attacks do not have arteries severely narrowed by plaque! Vulnerable plaque may be buried inside the artery wall, and not bulge out and block the blood flow through the artery. This is why researchers began to look at how inflammation affects the arteries, and to see if inflammation could lead to a heart attack. .....

9. Ways To Reduce The Risk Of Metabolic Syndrome
..... Many people can do with lowering the risk factors that lead to heart disease. Metabolic syndrome is characterized by a group of metabolic risk factors in one person. These include elevated blood pressure. Abdominal obesity (excessive fat tissue in and around the abdomen), insulin resistance or glucose intolerance (the body can’t properly use insulin or blood sugar). Incorporate as many lifestyle changes as possible. Such as eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly and losing weight. This will dramatically reduce the risk of diseases associated with metabolic syndrome such as diabetes and heart disease. Make dietary changes and stick to them! Eat plenty of natural wholegrain foods, vegetables and fruit. To help with weight loss, reduce the amount of food eaten and limit foods high in fat or sugar. .....

10. What Causes Angina
..... Angina is caused by reduced blood flow to an area of the heart. This is most often due to Coronary Artery Disease. Sometimes, other types of heart disease or uncontrolled high blood pressure can cause angina. In CAD, the coronary arteries, that carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle, are narrowed, due to the buildup of the fatty deposits called plaque. This is known as artherscholorisis. Some plaque becomes hard and stable, leading to narrowed and hardened arteries. Other plaque is soft and likely to break open and cause blood clots. .....

11. What Is Angina
..... Angina is a symptom of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), the most common type of heart disease. This happens when the plaque builds up in the coronary arteries. This build up of plaque is called atherosclerosis. As the plaque builds up, the coronary arteries become narrower and stiff. Blood flow to the heart is then reduced. This decreases the oxygen supply to the heart muscle. Angina is chest pain or discomfort that occurs when your heart muscle does not get enough blood to it. It may feel like pressure or a squeezing pain in your chest. The pain may also occur in your shoulders, arms, neck, jaw, or back. It can even feel like indigestion. .....

12. What Is Heart Disease
..... The heart is the center of the body’s cardiovascular system. Throughout the body's blood vessels, the heart pumps blood to all of the body's cells. The blood carries oxygen, which the cells need. Heart disease is a group of medical problems that occur when the heart and blood vessels aren't working the way they should. How Do You Get Heart Disease? .....

13. What Are The Symptoms Of A Myocardial Infarction
..... Severe chest pain is the main symptom. The pain may also travel up into the jaw, down the left arm, or down both arms. The person may also be sweating, feel sick, and feel faint. The pain may be similar to angina; however, it is usually more severe and lasts longer. Angina usually goes off after a few minutes. MI pain usually lasts more than 15 minutes - sometimes several hours. A small MI occasionally happens without causing pain (a 'silent MI'). It may be truly pain-free, or sometimes the pain is so mild and that the may think it is only heartburn or 'wind'. Collapse and sudden death may occur with a large or severe MI. .....

14. What Causes Myocardial Infarction
..... The most common cause of a Myocardial Infarction (MI) is a blood clot known as thrombosis. This forms inside a coronary artery, or one of its branches. This blocks the blood flow to a part of the heart. Blood clots do not usually form in normal arteries. However, a clot may form if there is some atheroma within the lining of the artery. An Atheroma is similar to fatty patches or 'plaques' that develop, inside the lining of arteries. Plaques of atheroma may gradually form over a number of years, in one or more places within the coronary arteries. Each plaque has an outer firm shell with a soft inner fatty core. .....

15. What Causes Mitral Valve Prolapse
..... Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is among the most common heart conditions; however it remains something of a puzzle. Although MVP affects about two percent of the population, the cause is unknown. MVP often occurs in people who have no other heart problems, and the condition may be inherited. The mitral valve is located in the heart between the upper-left chamber (the left atrium) and the lower-left chamber (the left ventricle). The mitral valve consists of two flaps called leaflets. .....

16. What Is Cardiomyopathy
..... Cardiomyopathy is a serious disease in which the heart muscle becomes inflamed and doesn't work as well as it should. There may be multiple causes including viral infections. People used to assume that only the elderly had heart disease or heart attacks. That is not the case as heart disease can strike before birth and any age in life. Heart disease covers a wide range of health conditions relating to the heart and all its systems. .....

17. What Is Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
..... This is a type of heart surgery. It's sometimes called CABG ("cabbage"). The surgery reroutes, or "bypasses," blood around clogged arteries to improve blood flow and oxygen to the heart. The arteries that bring blood to the heart muscle (coronary arteries) can become clogged by plaque (a buildup of fat, cholesterol plus other substances). This can then slow or stop blood flow through the heart's blood vessels, leading to chest pain or a heart attack. Increasing blood flow to the heart muscle can relieve chest pain and also reduce the risk of heart attack. .....

18. What Is Mitral Valve Prolapse
..... Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is still amongst the more common heart diseases; although it remains something of a puzzle. Now although MVP affects around two percent of the population, the cause is still unknown and has scientist wanting to know what does cause it. MVP often occurs in people who have no other heart problems, and the condition may be inherited. The mitral valve is located in the heart between the upper-left chamber (the left atrium) and the lower-left chamber (the left ventricle). The mitral valve consists of two flaps called leaflets. .....

19. What Is Pericarditis
..... The pericardium is a thin, sac-like covering (a membrane) that surrounds the heart. The outer layer of the pericardium surrounds the roots of the heart's major blood vessels. Ligaments attach this layer to their spinal column, diaphragm, and other parts of the body. The inner layer of the pericardium is attached to the heart muscle. A coating of fluid separates the two layers of membrane, letting the heart move as it beats, yet still be attached to the body. Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium. When Pericarditis occurs the amount of fluid between the two layers of the pericardium increases. This increased fluid presses on the heart and restricts its pumping action. .....

20. What Is Peripheral Vascular Disease
..... Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) involves damage to or blockage in the blood vessels distant from your heart, the peripheral arteries and veins. The peripheral arteries and veins carry blood to and from arm and leg muscles plus the organs in and below the stomach area. PVD may also affect the arteries leading to your head. The main forms PVD may take include blood clots, swelling (inflammation), or narrowing and blockage of the blood vessels. Diseases of the arteries may lead to Arterial Blockage, Aortic aneurysms, Buerger’s Disease and Raynaud’s’s phenomenon. Disease of the veins may lead to Venous Blood Clots, Pulmonary embolism, Phlebitis or Varicose veins. .....

21. What Is Tachycardia
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22. What Is A Myocardial Infarction
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23. Why Heart Disease
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24. Wolf Parkinson White Syndrome
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25. Heart Disease Overview
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