ISTANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF GEOMATICS ENGINEERING SURVEYING WEEK 2 1 DISTANCE MEASUREMENT In plane surveying, the distance between two points means the horizontal distance. If the points are at different elevation, the distance is the horizontal length between vertical lines at the points. In surveying, that undermost circumstances, all distance are presumed to be horizontal distances. This dictates that every field measurements taken be either measured horizontally, or if not, reduced to a horizontal distance mathematically. Distance between points ...
SURVEYING-II LABORATORY LABORATORY MANUAL SURVEYING-II DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING (Autonomous) (Permanently Affiliated to JNTUH, Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Accredited by NBA) Shamshabad – 501218, Hyderabad. 1 | P a g e SURVEYING-II LABORATORY LIST OF EXPERIMENTS: 1) Study of theodolite in detail – practice for measurement of horizontal and vertical angles. 2) Measurement of horizontal angles by method of repetition and reiteration. 3) Trigonometric leveling –heights and distances problem (Two exercises). 4) ...
Surveying & Measurement Distance Measurement Introduction • One of the most fundamental surveying operations is the measurement of horizontal distance between two points on the surface of the earth. • There are two basic methods used: Direct. Indirect. Introduction • Direct linear measurements are methods used for determining horizontal distances with a tape (or chain) and/or with an electronic distance measuring instrument. • In indirect methods, the transit and stadia or theodolite and stadia are used. Horizontal Distance H ...
4 Distance Measurements Pacing Tape Equipment Tapes Markers Range Poles Plumb Bobs Hand Levels Procedure Taping Over Smooth, Level Ground Taping Over Hilly, Sloping Ground Taping Error CHAPTER FOUR: DISCUSSION OF DISTANCE MEASUREMENTS In surveying, the distance between two points is understood to mean the horizontal distance, regardless of the relative elevation of the two points. Frequently, the lay of the land between the two points is not uniform, or the elevation of the two points is very different. Special ...
Module – 2 Tacheometry Tacheometry: Basic principle, types of tacheometry, distance equation for horizontal and inclined line of sight in fixed hair method, problems. Tacheometry: Tacheometric is also called tachemetry or telemetry. It is the branch of surveying in which both horizontal and vertical distances between stations are determined from instrumental observations. Tacheometric is also called tacheometry. The Theodolite method is rapid and convenient. Although the accuracy of tacheometry does not compare favourable with that of chaining but it is ...
Appendix G Units of Measure A. Measurement Magnitudes of measurements are typically given in terms of a specific unit. In surveying, the most commonly used units define quantities of length (or distance), area, volume, and horizontal or vertical angles. The two systems used for specifying units of measure are the English and metric systems. Units in the English system are historical units of measurement used in medieval England which evolved from the Anglo-Saxon and Roman systems. The metric system th ...
ENGINEERING SURVEY 2 - TACHYMETRY PREPARED BY : PN RAIHANA BT ABDUL MALEK INTRODUCTION • Tachymetry word is derived from the Greek takhus metron meaning ‘swift measurement’. • It is a branch of surveying where horizontal distance and vertical distance can be obtained through stadia line by using teodolite. • The distance between marks (titik) can be obtained without using a tape or chain. • It suitable to use in valley, river and area where many obstructed. Use in ...
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