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...Petroleum petrochemical engineering journal load capacity limits of flanged pressure vessel nozzles walther stikvoort conceptual paper wagnerlaan sh assen the netherlands volume issue received date march corresponding author published nl tel email ziggo abstract when designing vessels it is quite important to know loads exerted on nozzle by connecting pipe work however piping reactions computed structural analysis are often not available at design stage overcome this problem must be exclusively designed for internal after which permissible external intersection as well connection flange can calculated in way and determined an early designer stress analyst successively responsibility ensure that kept within advantage approach imposed does necessitate thickening retaining shell nor require additional reinforcing pads around neck moreover should noted increasing thickness or adding a pad becomes more rigid therefore better approximation fixed point anchor thus effectively eliminating any ...