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...Automatic assessment of english cefr levels using bert embeddings veronica juliana schmalz alessio brutti free university bozen bolzano italy fondazione bruno kessler trento kuleuven imec research group itec kortrijk belgium veronicajuliana be fbk it abstract introduction the language finding a system which objectively evaluates lan learners competences represents an in guage is daunting task creasingly promising thanks to recent several aspects need considered including developments nlp and deep learning both subjective factors like age native technologies this paper we propose cognitive capacities learner use neural models for classifying en related example amount type glish written exams into one com ofreceivedlinguisticinput james chapelle mon european framework reference voss jang indeed languages competencelevels are not holistic but concern differ employ pre trained bidirectional ent domains so that considering mere formal coder representations from transformers correctness has ...