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...Cont history of pled in electroluminescence organic materials was observed first oled with driving voltage v discovery bi conjugated polymers the making is credited to cavendish lab cambridge university polyphenylene vinylene ppv lep discovered led inorganic small polymeric molecular semiconductor light emitting diodes leds are environmentally benign and have found widespread use as indicator lights mobile displays large area signage applications lighting entire visible spectrum can be covered by semiconductors algainp algainn compound capable emission red yellow wavelength range violet green respectively fascinating candidates for changing band gap energy which between valence conduction a via its architecture variety colors obtained however suffer from problems such efficiency heat management color rendering lifetime probably most important one high cost they mainly suitable point source illumination rather than surface on other hand also known oleds were demonstrated pope kallmann m...