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picture1_C2 Subs


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File: C2 Subs
1 4 the substitution rule 16 1 4 the substitution rule 1 4 1 the substitution rule the substitution rule is a trick for evaluating integrals it is based on ...

icon picture PDF Filetype PDF | Posted on 26 Jan 2023 | 4 years ago
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...The substitution rule is a trick for evaluating integrals it based on following identity between dierentials where u function of x du dx hence we can write z f or using slightly dierent notation g example find xdx answer get uu udu c most time only problem in this method integra tion nding right cosxdx want to integral as r cosudu so cosu cosx since do not see any factor inside taking care dividing by outside cosuu sinu always remember undo sinx general need look at integrand some expression which will later identify with multiplied de rivative that e almost derivative use order sometimes hard until make genious transformation tegrand tanxdx here idea tanx and ln form known antiderivative ex let s k constant be determined try argument its seems natural chose tan there no much more said way learn just practice otherchangesofvariable sometimesratherthanmak ing may change variable other such t dt respect sint costdt sin cos cost tdt know yet how integrate leave like back after study trigo...

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